News & Research
Curated overview papers, study summaries and field reports from the international research network — scientifically grounded, editorially reviewed.
The SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein: Ten Unusual Structural Features and Their Persistence Across All Variants
A new review paper by Gerlach et al. (2025) systematically inventories ten structural, functional, and genomic peculiarities of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein – and arrives at a rema …
Syncytium Formation and Exosome Production
Based on the available research findings, it is likely that cells fused into syncytia by SARS-CoV-2 produce a large number of exosomes carrying spike protein. Here is a summary of …
SARS-CoV-2-Induced Psychological Symptoms: Mechanisms of Neurotransmitter Dysregulation, Bacterial Toxins, and Blood–Brain Barrier Disruption
The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed a complex interplay between SARS-CoV-2 infection and neuropsychiatric sequelae such as anxiety, depression, cognitive dysfunction (“brain fog”), …
Vascular Dysfunction, Coagulation Disorders, and Inflammatory Responses in COVID-19 Caused by Endothelial Glycocalyx Degradation
The endothelial glycocalyx is emerging as a crucial structure in COVID-19 pathophysiology, whose degradation plays a central role in the vascular and systemic complications of the …
Syncytia
The formation of syncytia and the induction of cellular senescence are important aspects of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Syncytia are multinucleated cells that arise from the fusion of in …
Virus-induced senescence
Virus-induced senescence (VIS) has substantial effects on the overall immune response, particularly in viral infections such as COVID-19. The principal effects of VIS on immune fun …
The glymphatic system
The glymphatic system plays a crucial role in maintaining brain homeostasis by facilitating the removal of metabolic waste products and excess fluid from the central nervous system …